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| 1943 |
Graduation from Mokpo Commercial High School |
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| 1964 |
Graduate School of Business Administration, Korea University, Seoul |
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| 1967 |
Graduate School of Business Administration, Kyung Hee University, Seoul |
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| 1970 |
Graduate Program in Economics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul |
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| 1983 |
Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, from Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia |
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| 1992 |
Honorary Doctorate of Political Science, Diplomatic Academy of the Foreign Ministry of Russia, Moscow |
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| 1992 |
Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, from the Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. |
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| Mar. 1944 |
Begins a career in a Mokpo shipping company |
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| Aug. 1945 |
After the Liberation on August 15, joins the Korea Restoration Preparation Committee led by Yeo Un-hyeong; withdraws when the Committee becomes left-leaning |
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| Apr. 1946 |
Joins the Mokpo Chapter of the New Democratic Party (NDP); leaves after detecting its left-wing tendency |
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| Apr. 9,1946 |
Marries Cha Yong-ae, who later gives birth to two sons Hong-il and Hong-eop |
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| October 1948 |
Takes the position of CEO at Mokpo Daily, which he retains until October 1950 |
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| June 1950 |
The Korean War breaks out during his business trip to Seoul; returns to Mokop on foot
Sept. 1950 Detained by the communist army but escapes moments before execution by shooting |
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| Mar. 1951 |
Installed as CEO of Heungguk Shipping Co., President of the Jeollanam-do Shipping Association, and a Trustee at the Korean Shipbuilders’ Association |
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| May 13, 1961 |
Elected to the 5th National Assembly in a by-election after three unsuccessful attempts; fails to be sworn in due to the May 16 Military Coup that dissolved the Assembly |
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| May 1962 |
Marries Lee Hee-ho, who later gives birth to their last son Hong-geol |
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| Jul. 1962 |
Arrested on the charge of “anti-revolution” |
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| Jul. 1963 |
Participates in the rebuilding of the Democratic Party; becomes the Party’s spokesperson |
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| Nov. 1963 |
Elected to the 6th National Assembly; becomes spokesperson of the Democratic Party |
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| Apr. 1964 |
Delivers a 5 hour and 19 minute-long filibuster speech in order to stall the approval on the unlawful arrest of rep. Kim Jun-yeon |
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| May 1965 |
Named spokesperson of the People’s Party |
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| Aug. 1966 |
Chairs the Policy Committee and sits on the Political Affairs Committee of the People’s Party |
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| Jan. 24, 1970 |
Enters the NDP nomination race |
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| Sep. 29, 1970 |
Elected as NDP candidate for the 7th presidential election |
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| Oct. 16, 1970 |
Proposes a peace guarantee by the US, the USSR, China and Japan; inter-Korean exchanges for non-political purposes; a reunification theory; and the abolition of reserve forces |
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| Nov. 13, 1970 |
Publishes My Goals in the 1970’s in Korean |
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| Feb. 1971 |
Meets political leaders in the US including Senator Edward Kennedy and Chairman Fulbright of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; visits Japan on way back |
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| Apr. 18, 1971 |
Campaign rally in Jangchungdan Park |
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| Apr. 27, 1971 |
Wins 46% of the votes cast in the 7th presidential election, barely losing to Park Chung-hee |
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| May 24, 1971 |
Injured in a suspicious car accident at Muan, Jeollanam-do, during a campaign tour for NDP candidates of the 8th general election |
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| May 25, 1971 |
Elected to the 8th National Assembly |
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| Dec. 1971 |
Publishes Mass?Participatory Economy (in Korean) |
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| Jul. 13, 1972 |
Proposes two Korea’s joint-entry into the UN at a foreign press conference after the July 4th South-North Joint Statement |
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| Oct. 13, 1972 |
The Korean Constitution suspended by Park’s military regime in the so-called Yusin, or reform, measures; the intended brief stay in Tokyo for medical treatment turns into the beginning of an exile |
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| Oct. 18, 1972 |
Issues the first anti-Yusin statement in Tokyo |
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| Nov. 1972 |
Calls for the nullification of the referendum on the illegally revised Yusin Constitution in Washington
1973 Continues protests against Yusin measures in the US and Japan through the local press and Korean communities |
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| Aug. 8, 1973 |
Abducted in a Tokyo hotel and nearly downed by Korean CIA agents |
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| Aug.13, 1973 |
Placed under house arrest at Donggyo-dong residence; barred from any political activities |
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| Aug. 22, 1974 |
Supports reform-minded Kim Young-sam in his bid to become the party leader at NDP national convention |
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| Nov. 27, 1974 |
Joins, though still under house arrest, the National Conference for Democracy Restoration, a central force for anti-dictatorship struggle
1975 Sentenced to one-year of imprisonment on charges of election law violation (with regard to the 1963 presidential election) |
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| Mar. 1, 1976 |
Leads the March 1st Declaration for Democratization along with other dissidents including Yun Bo-seon, Jeong Il-hyeong, Ham Seok-heon and Mun Ik-hwan; arrested for breach of Emergency Executive Order No. 9; sentenced to 8 years of imprisonment in trial court |
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| Mar. 23, 1977 |
Sentence commuted by the Supreme Court to 5 years in prison and suspension of rights to hold office for 5 years |
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| May 7, 1977 |
Stages a hunger strike while serving time in Jinju Penitentiary in protest against restrictions on visitation |
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| Oct. 31, 1977 |
Visited by Cardinal Kim Su-hwan |
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| Dec. 22, 1977 |
Transferred to Seoul National University Hospital |
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| Sept. 6, 1978 |
Stages a hunger protest against even stricter restrictions on visitation, window views, communications and exercise in the hospital cell |
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| Dec. 27, 1978 |
Released from jail after two years and nine months following suspension of sentence; placed immediately under indefinite house arrest |
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| Apr. 4, 1979 |
Spearheads the organization of the National Coalition for Democratization and Reunification along with Yun Bo-seon, Ham Seok-heon and Mun Ik-hwan; co-chairs the Coalition in its struggle against dictatorship; arrested three times |
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| Dec. 8, 1979 |
Released from house arrest after President Park’s assassination and the subsequent repeal of Emergency Executive Order No. 9 |
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| Feb. 29, 1980 |
Pardoned and reinstated |
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| Mar. 1980 |
Addresses a crowd at YWCA for the first time in nine years; tours the nation delivering political lectures on the invitation of universities |
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| May 13, 1980 |
Issues a statement voicing concerns over student demonstration becoming increasingly violent |
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| May 16, 1980 |
Holds a joint press-conference with NDP leader Kim Young-sam to propose six stabilization measures (including lifting of martial law, release of political prisoners) |
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| May 17, 1980 |
Full martial law imposed nation-wide; arrested by the Martial Law Command led by Major General Chun Doo-hwan on fabricated charges of treason; Gwangju Democratization Movement breaks out |
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| Sept. 17, 1980 |
Sentenced to death by a court martial |
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| Dec. 4, 1980 |
Ruling upheld by the appellate court 1981 Conferred the Bruno-Kreisky Human Rights Award, Austria |
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| Jan. 23, 1981 |
Sentence remitted to life imprisonment due to international pressure |
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| Mar. 2, 1982 |
Prison term reduced to 20 years |
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| Dec. 16, 1982 |
Transferred to Seoul National University Hospital |
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| Dec. 23, 1982 |
Sentence suspended after 2 years and 7 months; leaves for the US for medical treatment |
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| Jan. 8, 1983 |
Settles in Alexandria, Virginia with family |
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| Jan. 31, 1983 |
Opines on the democracy and human rights situation of Korea in an interview with Newsweek |
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| Feb. 1983 |
Continues to have interviews with the US press and media; participates in events hosted by Korean communities; establishes the Korean Institute for Human Rights in Washington, D.C.; leads US-based campaigns for Korea’s democratization; presents lectures on the invitation of American academia, religious and social groups |
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| May 16, 1983 |
Awarded a Doctor of Law, honoris causa, by Emory University, Atlanta |
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| Jun. 1983 |
Rallies support from Washington and New York for Kim Young-sam’s hunger strike against Chun Doo-hwan regime’s suppression of political freedom |
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| Sept. 1983 |
Visiting fellow at the Center for International Affairs, Harvard University |
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| Jan. 1984 |
Advisor to the International Council, Union Theological Seminary, NY; Advisor to the International Committee for the Relief of Victims of Tortures, Minneapolis |
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| Dec. 1984 |
Sends a letter to President Chun Doo-hwan containing intention of return to Korea |
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| Feb. 8, 1985 |
Returns to Korea after 2 years and 3 months of exile amid much concern over safety; arrested at Kimpo Airport and immediately put under house arrest; spurs the advance of opposition parties including the incipient New Korea Democratic Party (NKDP) in the Feb. 12 general election |
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| Mar. 6, 1985 |
Restrictions on political activities lifted (for 16 people including Kim Dae-jung, Kim Young-sam, Kim Jong-pil); still barred from politics with amnesty and restoration of civil rights left unaccomplished |
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| Mar. 18, 1985 |
Agrees to consolidate opposition forces and co-chair the Council for the Promotion of Democracy (CPD) with Kim Young-sam |
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| Jun. 17, 1985 |
Issues a joint statement with Kim Young-sam calling for democratization
Nov. 1985 The English translation of Mass-Participatory Economy and Conscience in Action published |
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| Feb. 12, 1986 |
A million signature campaign for direct presidential election initiated by NKDP and CPD |
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| Jul. 1986 |
Nominated to the position of Permanent Advisor of NKDP but thwarted by the authorities |
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| Nov. 15, 1986 |
Reveals the intention of not running for the presidency on the condition that President Chun voluntarily accepts direct election |
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| Apr. 8, 1987 |
Launches a new Reunification Democratic Party (RDP) together with Kim Young-sam |
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| Apr. 10, 1987 |
Placed under house arrest (no visitors allowed, 12 sentry boxes and a surveillance house built around the residence) |
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| Jun. 25, 1987 |
Released from house arrest |
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| Jul. 9, 1987 |
Pardoned and civil rights restored (with regard to the KDJ treason case in 1980) |
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| Sept. 8, 1987 |
Visits Gwangju after 17 years and pays respect to victims of May 18th Democratic Movement buried in Mangweol-dong Cemetery (now May 18th Memorial Park); visits hometown Mokpo and Hauido Island after 28 years |
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| Oct. 1987 |
Announces running for the 13th presidential election with the support and endorsement of representatives from various sectors |
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| Oct. 27, 1987 |
Conferred George Meany Human Rights Awards of AFL-CIO, US |
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| Nov. 12, 1987 |
Founds the Party for Peace and Democracy (PPD); elected Party President and candidate for the 13th presidential election |
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| Dec. 16, 1987 |
Loses the election to Roh Tae-woo |
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| Apr. 26, 1988 |
Elected to the 13th National Assembly; PPD becomes the first ever opposition party to hold a majority in the Assembly |
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| May 18, 1988 |
Meeting of three opposition party leaders produces 5 points of agreement with regard to investigations into corruption cases of the 5th Republic and the massacre during the May 18th Gwangju Democratic Movement |
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| Nov. 18, 1988 |
Testifies before the special parliamentary hearing on Gwangju massacre; establishes the fact that the KDJ treason case was fabricated by the military regime of Chun in a bid to seize power |
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| Aug. 3, 1989 |
Indicted with regard to Rep. Seo Gyeong-won’s visit to North Korea; case dropped |
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| Jan. 8, 1990 |
Stages a hunger strike demanding four items including decentralized state administration |
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| Jan. 23, 1990 |
Launches a campaign against Roh Tae-woo, Kim Young-sam and Kim Jong-pil’s scheme to merge three main parties into one gigantic ruling party |
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| Jul. 27, 1990 |
Elected as Party President at PPD national convention |
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| Oct. 8, 1990 |
Holds a hunger strike for 13 days demanding decentralized state administration and dissolution of the Army Security Command; transferred to Sinchon Severance Hospital |
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| Apr. 9, 1991 |
PPD recruits leading dissident figures such as Lee Wu-jeong into PPD and re-launches as New Democratic Union Party (NDUP) |
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| Sept. 10, 1991 |
NDUP merges with the Democratic Party led by Lee Gi-taek |
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| Mar. 24, 1992 |
Elected to the 14th National Assembly |
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| May 25, 1992 |
Nominated as candidate for the 14th President of the ROK by the Democratic Party |
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| Sept. 1992 |
Honorary Doctorate in Political Science, Diplomatic Academy of the Foreign Ministry of Russia, Moscow |
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| Dec. 18, 1992 |
Loses the presidential election to Kim Young-sam |
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| Dec. 19, 1992 |
Announces retirement from politics |
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| Jan. 26, 1993 |
Visiting Fellow, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, UK |
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| Jul. 1993 |
Returns to Korea |
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| Dec. 1993 |
A New Beginning (Korean version) published |
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| Jan. 1994 |
Establishes the Kim Dae-jung Peace Foundation for the Asia-Pacific Region |
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| May 1994 |
Proposes a package deal and former US President Carter’s visit to North Korea as a special envoy for the resolution of the nuclear issue during an address “My Suggestions for U.S.-Asian Policies” at the National Press Club, USA |
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| Sept. 1994 |
Addresses the Heritage Foundation and puts forward the Sunshine Policy |
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| Dec. 1994 |
Forum of Democratic Leaders in the Asia-Pacific (FDL-AP) founded; takes the position of Resident Co-president |
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| Jul. 1995 |
Returns to politics |
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| Sept. 1995 |
Inaugurates the National Congress for New Politics (NCNP) |
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| May 1997 |
Nominated as NCNP’s presidential candidate |
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| Dec. 1997 |
Elected the 15th President of the ROK defeating Lee Hoi-chang and Lee In-je |
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| Feb. 25, 1998 |
Inaugurated as the 15th President of the Republic of Korea |
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| Jun. 1998 |
Presented the International Human Rights Award of the International League for Human Rights |
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| Jul. 1999 |
Awarded the Philadelphia Liberty Medal by the Philadelphia Foundation, Pennsylvania |
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| Jan. 2000 |
President, Millennium Democratic Party |
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| Jun. 2000 |
Holds an inter-Korean summit for the first time in 55 years of division; announces the South-North Joint Declaration |
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| Dec. 2000 |
Awarded the 2000 Nobel Peace Prize |
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| Feb. 24, 2003 |
Leaves office |
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| Aug. 8, 2003 |
Conferred the Manhae Peace Award, Korea |
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| Nov. 3, 2003 |
Dedication of the Kim Dae-jung Presidential Library and museum |
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| Dec. 9, 2003 |
Decorated with the Bernardo O’Higgins Great Cross of Chile |
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| Dec. 15, 2003 |
Conferred the Award for an Outstanding Contribution of the Chunsa Na Un-gyu Film Festival in recognition of policies for film industry promotion |
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| Jan. 29, 2004 |
Acquitted in the re-trial of the Kim Dae-jung treason case
May 10-19, 2004 Tours France, Norway and Switzerland; addresses the OECD, the Nobel Committee and WHO |
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| Jun. 15, 2004 |
Delivers a special address at the International Conference to Commemorate the 4th Anniversary of the June 15th South-North Joint Declaration represented by both Koreas |
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| Jun. 29, 2004 |
Visits China and holds talks with Chairman Jiang Zemin
Nov. 6-14, 2004 Visits Sweden and Rome; holds talks with Swedish Prime Minister Goran Persson and Italian President Carlo Ciampi; presents a speech at the 5th World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates (Rome, Italy) |
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| Dec. 2004 |
Visits Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; delivers a special address at the 2nd East Asia Forum |
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| Dec. 2004 |
The 21st Century and the Korean People, a selection of speeches and interviews, published in the Korean, English and Japanese languages |
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